What to look for in a wheelchair

Whether you need a wheelchair for occasional use or as a long-term mobility aid, choosing the right wheelchair can greatly improve your independence and comfort. Before buying, it’s a good idea to consider the features available so you can choose one that best fits your needs. This guide will go through exactly what to look for, from how it’s powered and packed away to its weight and durability.

What to look for when buying a wheelchair

Whether you’re shopping for yourself or a loved one, a wheelchair should suit the user’s lifestyle, physical needs and environment. Here are some factors to consider:

• Self-propelled or electric

One of the first decisions when you buy a wheelchair is whether you need a self-propelled manual wheelchair or an electric one.

Self-propelled wheelchairs require the user to move the wheels manually and are a great choice for those with sufficient upper-body strength. They’re also typically lightweight, making them easy to transport.

Alternatively, electric wheelchairs are powered by a motor and ideal for individuals who may struggle with manual operation or need to cover longer distances. They often come with additional features, such as joystick control and anti-tip wheels, for enhanced convenience.

• Folding capabilities

If you frequently travel or have limited storage space, a foldable wheelchair can be a practical option. These models have a collapsible design and come with a quick-release mechanism making them easy to fit into car boots or small storage areas. There are different types of foldable wheelchairs available, such as lightweight and all-terrain so you can find one that works for your lifestyle.

• Weight

Wheelchair weight plays a crucial role in ease of use and transport. Lightweight models are easier to lift and manoeuvre, ideal for those who travel frequently. Heavier wheelchairs typically offer greater durability and stability and are often better suited to long-term or more demanding use.

• Adjustability

A wheelchair with adjustable components can be tailored to meet your specific needs, ensuring maximum comfort and support. Look for features such as an adjustable seat height to ensure proper posture, footrests and armrests that accommodate different body types and reclining back rests for added comfort. These adjustments can also make it easier for you to get in and out of the chair.

• Reliability of the brakes

Safety when using your wheelchair is paramount, especially for outdoor use. It’s therefore important to check what the brake system is on any wheelchairs you’re planning to buy.

Whether the system is push-to-lock or pull-to-lock, the brakes should be simple to operate, even for users with limited hand strength. They should also hold the wheelchair firmly in place when engaged, even on inclines. Some wheelchairs feature attendant brakes operated by a caregiver as well as user-controlled brakes, offering extra safety if necessary.

To ensure your brakes are as stable as possible, it’s important to regularly check for wear and tear, making sure everything functions as it should.

• Seat height and cushioning

The right seat height allows your feet to rest comfortably on the ground or footrests, reducing strain on your back and legs. For wheelchair users to maintain good posture when in their seat, it can be helpful to follow the 90-90-90 rule – 90° bend in the hips, 90° bend in the knees, 90° bend in the ankles – when finding the right seat height.

Proper cushioning is equally important, as it can prevent pressure sores and provide long-lasting comfort during extended use. For this reason, memory foam or gel cushions are popular choices for wheelchair cushioning.

How long does a wheelchair last?

Generally speaking, a well-maintained wheelchair should last around five years. While storing your wheelchair in a cool, dry place and keeping it free of dirt or debris can help your wheelchair to last longer, there are several factors that can impact its durability:

• Frequency of use

Occasional use of your wheelchair, such as for short trips or specific outings, tends to lead to less wear and tear than daily, intensive use. Some more mobile wheelchair users may therefore find that their wheelchairs last longer than others who require continuous usage.

• Terrain

Wheelchairs used primarily indoors or on smooth surfaces typically experience less strain than those frequently used on uneven or rugged terrain such as gravel paths or cobblestone streets. If you do go on uneven terrain, it’s worth checking your tyres for punctures so you can fix it if necessary, before going out in your wheelchair again. In some locations, you may be able to hire an all-terrain wheelchair that’s better suited to the ground surface, so you can protect your own wheelchair.

• Maintenance

Proper maintenance is key to extending your wheelchair’s lifespan. This includes regular cleaning, checking tyre pressure, tightening bolts and inspecting the braking system. By addressing these minor issues early, you can prevent costly repairs later and give your wheelchair a longer life.

Finding the perfect wheelchair involves understanding your needs and evaluating key features like mobility type, weight and adjustability. With proper care and thoughtful selection, your wheelchair can provide comfort and independence for years to come.